Financial plumbing rarely undergoes a total system upgrade in a single weekend, yet the architecture for institutional stablecoins effectively locked into place between October 6 and October 8, 2026. This was not a singular launch but the convergence of five distinct infrastructure layers that, when viewed in isolation, appear as disparate corporate initiatives. When viewed as a stack, they represent a self-reinforcing mechanism designed to satisfy the rigid requirements of the GENIUS Act. The foundation of this stack is the reserve layer, where the JPMorgan JLTXX fund and the BlackRock BSTBL parent fund have established a functional duopoly.
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